What does depression do to the brain?

Depression can change the brain’s chemistry and structure. It lowers levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine, which regulate mood, energy, and motivation. Long-term depression may shrink the hippocampus (linked to memory and learning) and over-activate the amygdala (linked to stress and fear).

These brain changes explain why depression can affect mood, memory, concentration, and even physical health. The positive news is that treatment—through therapy, medication, and lifestyle support—can help the brain recover and restore balance.

If you’re noticing changes in your thinking, memory, or mood, it may help to talk about it with people you trust. You can also reach out to us—we’re here to guide you toward the right support.