What is the link between Down syndrome and autism?

Down syndrome and autism are two separate conditions, but they can co-occur. Research shows that between 5% and 15% of people with Down syndrome are also diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Having both can mean greater challenges with communication, social interaction, and behaviour.

Diagnosis can be complex because some traits overlap, but early assessments by specialists are important. With tailored supports—such as speech therapy, behavioural therapy, and structured learning—children with both conditions can still thrive.

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